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Answer to Problem 8:

 is equal to 25%.  is half of , so half of 25% is 12%.

DEFINITION:
decomposing and composing numbers—flexibly using or knowing numbers through creating and breaking numbers apart to form equivalent representations. For example, 36 as 32 + 4, 20 + 16, 40 – 4, 12 ´ 3, 72 / 2, etc.[1]

TEACHER NOTES

By fifth grade, students should be able to think of 36 as either 30 + 6 or 20 + 16 or
9 ´ 4. Fifth graders should also be able to compose and decompose rational numbers. For instances students should be able to think of  as  of .

Having students discuss their solution strategies helps them solidify their understanding and see likenesses and differences between their solution strategies and their classmates.’ Having students verbalize or write about their thinking gives the teacher a wealth of information regarding a student’s understanding about the concept and about number in general.[2]